- 概述
酪氨酸激酶抑制剂瓦他拉尼 (vatalanib,PTK一787,ZK-222584)可有效地抑制血管内皮生长因子受体(VEGFR)家族成员、血小板衍生生长因子受体13(PDGFR~)及c-Kit受体激酶,且口服生物利用度良好。早在35年前Folkman就曾提出,血管生成对肿瘤生长和转移具有重要作用。已获准上市的转移性结肠直肠癌治疗药贝伐单抗便是一种血管生成抑制剂。而瓦他拉尼可在ATP结合位点可逆、竞争性地抑制各种受体酪氨酸激酶,与贝伐单抗相比,它有许多优点:对更多的受体酪氨酸激酶有抑制作用,且口服有效,便于患者长期服用;分子质量更小,故比贝伐单抗更易穿透肿瘤细胞和血一脑脊液屏障;再者,抗体可能引起机体难以预测的不良免疫反应而导致毒性,但瓦他拉尼却不存在这一问题。
- 药代动力学
用未标记瓦他拉尼(瓦他拉尼碱)进行的体内药动学研究表明,本品经空腹口服能被很快吸收(t=1-2h),但高脂食物会减慢其吸收,使t延长至4h;本品单剂量给药的绝对生物利用度为58%,稳态表观分布容积为3.3L/kg,稳态时的t1/2为5-6h,蛋白结合率为98.8%。本品主要通过细胞色素P450CYP3A4代谢,仅一小部分通过CYP2D6和CYP1A2代谢,其体内主要代谢产物为吡啶Ⅳ-氧化物(CGP-84368/zK一260120)和4一甲基一甲醇吡啶Ⅳ-氧化物(NVP-AAW-378/ZK-261557)。原药及其代谢物在体内能被很快排泄,主要是通过胆汁和粪便途径排泄,给22天后在尿中的平均累积排泄量为23%(13%-29%),粪便中为60%(42%-74%)。
- 生物活性
Vatalanib(PTK787; ZK-222584; CGP-79787)是VEGFR2/KDR的抑制剂,其IC50值为37nM。
- 靶点
VEGFR2
37 nM (IC
50
)
- 体外研究
Vatalanib also inhibits Flk, c-Kit and PDGFRβ with IC
50
of 270 nM, 730 nM and 580 nM, respectively. Vatalanib shows the anti-proliferation effect by inhibiting thymidine incorporation induced by VEGF in HUVECs with and IC
50
of 7.1 nM, and dose-dependently suppresses VEGF-induced survival and migration of endothelial cells in the same dose range without cytotoxic or antiproliferative effect on cells that do not express VEGF receptors. A recent study shows that Vatalanib significantly inhibits the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and enhances the IFN/5-FU induced apoptosis by increasing proteins levels of Bax and reduced Bcl-xL and Bcl-2.
- 体内研究
Vatalanib induces dose-dependent inhibition of the angiogenic response to VEGF and PDGF in both a growth factor implant model and a tumor cell-driven angiogenesis model after once-daily oral dosing (25-100 mg/kg). In the same dose range, Vatalanib also inhibits the growth and metastasesof several human carcinomas in nude mice without significant effect on circulating blood cells or bone marrow leukocytes.