57-88-5 胆固醇

危险品运输编号:UN 1170 3/PG 3，危险等级:IRRITANT，存储类别:11 - 可燃固体，WGK Germany:1，RTECS号:FZ8400000，TSCA:TSCA listed，海关编码:2906 13 10，毒害物质数据:57-88-5(Hazardous Substances Data)，毒性:Present in all parts of the animal body; concentrated in spinal cord, brain, skin secretions, and gallstones. An unsaturated, unsaponifiable alcohol (m.p. 149℃). It is synthesized in the body from ethanoate units; its metabolism is regulated by a specific set of enzymes. It is the parent compound of many other steroids and its presence in high concentrations in the blood is suspected as being a contributory factor in cardiovascular disease.

用于生命科学研究；脑磷脂胆固醇絮状试验；作为乳化剂；合成维生素D和激素的原料；液晶和人造牛黄的原料；分析对照品；生化研究。

生命科学;医药化工;分析检测;材料科学

路线1：以牲畜脑组织为原料

• 干脑粉制备：取新鲜动物脑及脊髓（除去脂肪和脊髓膜），绞碎，40-50℃烘干，得干脑粉。
• 粗胆固醇结晶制备：干脑粉加1.2倍量丙酮浸渍，不断搅拌提取4.5h，反复提取6次，过滤合并提取液，蒸馏回收丙酮得黄色固体物；加10倍量乙醇加热回流1h，得胆固醇乙醇溶液，过滤后滤液在0-5℃冷却静置，析出晶体过滤得粗胆固醇结晶。
• 精制胆固醇制备：粗胆固醇结晶加5倍量乙醇、5%-6%硫酸，加热回流8h得水解液，0-5℃冷却析出晶体，过滤后晶体加乙醇洗至中性；将中性晶体加10倍量95%乙醇、3%活性炭，加热回流脱色1h，保温过滤后滤液0-5℃冷却结晶，反复3次，过滤收集结晶压干，挥去乙醇后70-80℃真空干燥得精制胆固醇。