Potent and selective A1 antagonist; Potent and selective adenosine A1 receptor antagonist (Ki values are 1, 200, 398 and 3981 nM at human A1, A3, A2A and A2B receptors respectively). Suppresses cardiac fibrosis and attenuates albuminuria, without effect on blood pressure in animal models of chronic renal failure. Orally active.
