化学合成。
化学合成
合成路线 1(1. 合成:1007882-58-7)
产率:82%
合成条件:With ammonium hydroxide; Glyoxal In methanol; dichloromethane; water at 20℃;
实验步骤:实施例38 {(2S,5S)-2- [5-(2'-氰基-4' - {2 - [(S)-1 - ((8)-2-甲氧基羰基氨基-3-甲基 - 丁酰基) - 吡咯烷吡啶-2-基] -1H-咪唑-4-基} - 联苯-4-基)-1H-咪唑-2-基] -4-氧代 - 1,2,4,5,6,7-六氢吖庚因并 [3,2,1-hi]吲哚-5-基} - 氨基甲酸甲酯至N-Boc-L-脯氨酸(10g,50.2mmol)的MeOH(100ml)溶液,乙二醛(40%w / w) 在水中,加入25g,170.6mmol)和NH 4 OH(5N aq。溶液191ml,954mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌过夜。将反应混合物在二氯甲烷和水之间分配。水相萃取两次 在真空下蒸发合并的有机相,并通过硅胶快速柱(MeOH /二氯甲烷0至3%梯度,然后3%)纯化残余物,得到9.87g(82%收率)的(S)-2-( 1H-咪唑-2-基) - 吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯,为灰白色固体.ESI-LCMS m / e计算值。 C12H19N3O2的计算值:237.1 [M +],实测值:237.9 [M + H +]。
参考文献:
- [1] Patent: US2012/230951, 2012, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 101 [2] Patent: WO2011/15657, 2011, A1 [3] Patent: WO2011/54834, 2011, A1 [4] Patent: US2012/136027, 2012, A1 [5] Patent: WO2014/19344, 2014, A1 [6] Patent: WO2014/82380, 2014, A1 [7] Patent: WO2014/82379, 2014, A1 [8] Patent: EP2730572, 2014, A1 [9] Patent: WO2014/131315, 2014, A1 [10] Patent: US2015/79028, 2015, A1 [11] ChemMedChem, 2014, vol. 9, # 7, p. 1378 - 1386 [12] Patent: CN103880823, 2017, B [13] Patent: EP2730572, 2015, B1
合成路线 2(2. 合成:1007882-58-7)
产率:80%
合成条件:With ammonia In methanol at 20℃; for 96 h; Cooling with ice
实验步骤:将N-(叔丁氧基羰基)-L-脯氨酸(123.86mmol)小心地溶于7N NH 3 -CH 3 OH(180mL)中,用冰浴冷却并剧烈搅拌。 向得到的冰冷却的混合物中滴加乙二醛(40%(重量)水溶液)(619mmol)。将混合物在室温下搅拌4天,然后真空浓缩除去大部分甲醇。用乙基乙醚萃取混合物。 过滤乙酸酯和有机层以除去不溶物质。 用盐水洗涤有机层,干燥并真空浓缩。 通过硅胶纯化粗产物,得到化合物46,为黄色固体,收率80%。 MS(ESI,EI +)m / z = 238.21(MH +)。
参考文献:
- [1] Patent: EP2513113, 2018, B1. Location in patent: Paragraph 0306; 0308 [2] Patent: WO2011/15657, 2011, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 17 [3] Patent: WO2011/54834, 2011, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 34-35 [4] Patent: US2012/136027, 2012, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 7 [5] Angewandte Chemie - International Edition, 2012, vol. 51, # 52, p. 13159 - 13162 [6] Angew. Chem., 2012, vol. 124, # 52, p. 13336 - 13339,4 [7] ChemMedChem, 2013, vol. 8, # 12, p. 1930 - 1940 [8] ChemMedChem, 2014, vol. 9, # 7, p. 1378 - 1386 [9] Patent: WO2014/19344, 2014, A1. Location in patent: Paragraph 00353 [10] Patent: WO2014/82380, 2014, A1. Location in patent: Paragraph 00314; 00330 [11] Patent: WO2014/82379, 2014, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 134; 135; 136 [12] Patent: EP2730572, 2014, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 0277-0282 [13] Patent: EP2730572, 2015, B1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 0277-0282 [14] Patent: WO2014/131315, 2014, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 105 [15] Patent: US2015/79028, 2015, A1. Location in patent: Paragraph 0748; 0775; 0776; 0777; 0778 [16] Patent: EP2730572, 2015, B1. Location in patent: Paragraph 0274; 0280 [17] Patent: CN103880823, 2017, B. Location in patent: Paragraph 0809; 0816; 0817 [18] Patent: WO2011/156543, 2011, A2. Location in patent: Page/Page column 34; 35 [19] Patent: WO2011/150243, 2011, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 105; 106 [20] Patent: WO2010/65668, 2010, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 105-106 [21] Patent: WO2011/60000, 2011, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 84-85 [22] Patent: WO2010/111483, 2010, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 119 [23] Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2010, vol. 53, # 19, p. 7251 - 7263 [24] Patent: WO2010/138791, 2010, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 83-84 [25] Patent: WO2011/154871, 2011, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 91 [26] Patent: WO2012/3642, 2012, A1. Location in patent: Example 2 [27] Patent: WO2012/41227, 2012, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 73 [28] Patent: WO2012/41014, 2012, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 92 [29] Patent: WO2012/40923, 2012, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 80 [30] Patent: WO2012/50848, 2012, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 80 [31] Patent: WO2012/40924, 2012, A1. Location in patent: Example 7 [32] Patent: WO2012/83170, 2012, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 151 [33] Patent: WO2012/125926, 2012, A2. Location in patent: Page/Page column 36 [34] Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2015, vol. 25, # 4, p. 936 - 939 [35] Patent: EP2545060, 2015, B1. Location in patent: Paragraph 0256; 0257 [36] Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2016, vol. 26, # 21, p. 5354 - 5360 [37] Patent: US2016/297804, 2016, A1. Location in patent: Paragraph 0116-0118 [38] Patent: CN105985355, 2016, A. Location in patent: Paragraph 0452; 0453; 0454; 0455 [39] Patent: US2008/44379, 2008, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 81 [40] Patent: US2008/44380, 2008, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 83 [41] Patent: US2008/50336, 2008, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 155 [42] Patent: WO2009/102318, 2009, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 134 [43] Patent: US2010/249190, 2010, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 75
合成路线 3(3. 合成:1007882-58-7)
产率:70%
合成条件:Stage #1: With sodium hypochlorite; 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy free radical; potassium hydrogencarbonate; potassium bromide In dichloromethane; water at 0 - 5℃; Inert atmosphere; Large scale Stage #2: With ammonium hydroxide In dichloromethane; acetonitrile at 0 - 20℃; Large scale
实验步骤:向装有顶置式搅拌器和氮气入口的100L,5颈圆底烧瓶中加入醇12(3.80kg,18.88mol)和二氯甲烷(6.0vol,30.2kg,22.8L)。将溶液冷却至低于5℃的内部温度(目标范围0-5℃)。加入溴化钾(449g,3.78mol,0.2当量)的水(1.2vol,4.56kg,4.56L)溶液作为单次装料。然后加入TEMPO(59.0g,0.378mol,0.02当量)作为单一固体进料。在10分钟内加入碳酸氢钾(3.78kg,37.8mol,2.0当量),为水(6体积,22.8kg,22.8L)溶液。搅拌10分钟后,在1小时内加入10%(重量)次氯酸钠(14.06kg,11.65L,1.0当量),保持内部温度在0-5℃之间。搅拌30分钟后,测定有机层的醇转化率。当判断反应完成时,加入硫代硫酸钠溶液(1.49kg,9.44mol,0.5当量)作为水(2体积,7.60kg)搅拌下,在15分钟内加入7.60L)溶液。然后将混合物温热至室温,然后真空浓缩。用二氯甲烷(3体积,11.4L,15.1kg)萃取水层,合并有机物(注意:此时有机物中可能存在沉淀的盐)。然后将有机物用水(5体积,19.0L,19.0kg)洗涤,然后将溶剂转换为乙腈(5体积,14.8kg,18.8L),同时在蒸馏期间将内部温度保持在30℃或低于30℃。将乙腈溶液冷却至低于5℃的内部温度(目标范围0-5℃)。在1小时内将NH 4 OH(10.5L,9.45kg,75mol,28%水溶液,4当量)加入到乙腈溶液中,保持内部温度在0-5℃之间。在1小时内加入乙二醛(3.02L,3.83kg,26.4mol,40%水溶液,1.4当量),保持内部温度在0-5℃之间,并将反应在环境温度下搅拌19小时。此时,HPLC分析显示<2%重量残余起始材料(注意:如果存在残留醛,则进一步加入0.2当量乙二醛将促进转化)。用10体积乙酸乙酯(33.9kg,37.6L)稀释反应物,并用2体积20%(重量)NaCl(7.5L)洗涤。然后依次用3体积20wt%NaCl(11.3L)和3体积水(11.3L)洗涤有机物。将有机物溶剂转换为约4体积(15.0L,13.0kg)甲苯,然后在1小时内缓慢加入正庚烷(6体积,15.4kg,22.6L)以沉淀出化合物13,将其搅拌直至溶液浓度13的浓度<8mg / mL(如果浓度更高,则应加入更多的庚烷进料直至达到目标浓度)。将浆液过滤,用3体积(40%)甲苯/庚烷洗涤,并干燥,得到化合物13(作为旋转异构体的混合物),为白色固体(3.1kg,70%收率)。 1H NMR(DMSO,400MHz):11.64(br s,1H),6.85(br s,1H),4.80-4.73(m,1H),3.48(br s,1H),3.32(m,1H),2.50 (m,1H),2.23-1.73(m,4H),1.39 / 1.15(s,9H)。
参考文献:
- [1] Organic Letters, 2014, vol. 16, # 9, p. 2310 - 2313 [2] Patent: WO2015/65821, 2015, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 37; 38; 39 [3] Patent: WO2011/4276, 2011, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 94 [4] Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2016, vol. 26, # 16, p. 4106 - 4111