化学合成,用于研究还原性羟醛与二乙烯基酮进行铑催化的偶联反应,生成顺式ß-羟基烯酮所需的底物。
有机合成; 医药中间体; 铑催化偶联反应
合成路线 1(1. 合成:34160-40-2)
产率:90%
合成条件:Stage #1: With n-butyllithium; butyl magnesium bromide In toluene at -15 - 0℃; for 3.25 - 4.5 h; Ice/MeOH bath Stage #2: at -15 - 5℃; for 0.75 h; Ice/MeOH bath
实验步骤:向配备有机械搅拌器,加料漏斗,氮气入口和热电偶套管的12L烧瓶中加入BuLi(619mL,1.55mol)。向该溶液中加入无水甲苯(750mL)。将该溶液在冰/ MeOH浴中冷却至-15℃。在30-45分钟内向该溶液中加入BuMgCl(387mL,0.774mol),使得在加入期间温度不超过0℃。形成精细的白色至灰色悬浮液。将其在-15℃下搅拌30分钟。在此期间,将2,6-二溴吡啶(500g,2.11mol)溶于无水甲苯(3L)中,稍加外部加热。搅拌时间后,将2,6-二溴吡啶溶液加入加料漏斗中,并以温度不超过-5℃(约1.5小时)的速率缓慢加入反应烧瓶中。一旦完成吡啶的加入,将混合物搅拌45分钟。然后取出等分试样并淬灭到20%柠檬酸水溶液中以通过1 H NMR和TLC(25%EtOAc /庚烷)测定金属交换的程度。向装有机械搅拌器,氮气入口和热电偶套管的第二个12L烧瓶中加入甲苯(750mL)和二甲基甲酰胺(250mL)并在冰/ MeOH浴中冷却至-15℃。通过套管将初始反应烧瓶的内容物以温度不超过5℃的速率转移到甲苯/ DMF溶液中。将反应物搅拌45分钟并确定反应完成。将反应烧瓶中的内容物转移到装有4L水和柠檬酸(1kg)的分液漏斗中。将混合物搅拌15分钟,分层。将有机层用水(4L)洗涤,然后用饱和NaCl溶液(4L)洗涤,然后经Na 2 SO 4干燥并在减压下除去溶剂,得到中间体1的灰白色至黄色固体(355.7g,90%)。
参考文献:
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合成路线 2(2. 合成:34160-40-2)
产率:52%
合成条件:Stage #1: With n-butyllithium; n-BuMgCl In tetrahydrofuran; H 2 O; hexane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; toluene at -10℃; for 0.50 h; Stage #2: at -10℃; for 2.50 h;
实验步骤:向-10℃的n-BuLi(2.5M的己烷溶液,5.6mL,14mmol)的无水甲苯(20mL)溶液中加入n-BuMgCl(2M的THF溶液,3.5mL)溶液。保持温度在-10℃至0℃之间。将混合物在-10℃下搅拌30分钟。在30分钟内逐滴加入2,6-二溴 - 吡啶(4.74g,20mmol)的甲苯(20mL)溶液,同时保持温度低于-5℃。将所得悬浮液在37℃下搅拌。 -10℃,2.5小时。将混合物通过套管转移至-10℃的DMF(1.9g,26mmol)的甲苯(10mL)溶液中。将溶液在-5℃和-10℃之间静置30分钟,然后转移到柠檬酸(8.00g)的H 2 O(15mL)溶液中,保持温度低于20℃。将所得溶液搅拌10分钟,分离各层。将有机层用Na 2 SO 4干燥,过滤并浓缩。纯化残余物(SiO 2:10%乙酸乙酯/己烷),得到标题化合物(1.94g,52%)。
参考文献:
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