化学合成。
化学合成
路线1:以4-溴-2,6-二甲基吡啶和联硼酸频那醇酯为原料
- 步骤: 向4-溴-2,6-二甲基吡啶(1.00g,5.38mmol)、4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'-八甲基-2,2'-双(1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷)(1.64g,6.45mmol)、PdCl₂(dppf)(393mg,0.537mmol)和KOAc(1.58g,16.12mmol)的混合物中加入脱气的二恶烷溶液(2mL)。将反应混合物在85℃下加热搅拌18小时。反应完成后,将混合物溶解于EtOAc中,通过Celite垫过滤。滤液经真空浓缩,得到粗产物2,6-二甲基吡啶-4-硼酸频那醇酯(1.88g,8.07mmol,定量收率),为棕色固体。
- 条件: With (1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)palladium(II) dichloride; potassium acetate In 1,4-dioxane at 85℃; for 18 h
- 收率: 100%
- 参考文献: [1] Patent: WO2016/196644, 2016, A1. Location in patent: Paragraph 274; 275 [2] Patent: WO2018/102452, 2018, A2. Location in patent: Paragraph 258; 259
路线2:以2,6-二甲基吡啶和联硼酸频那醇酯为原料
- 步骤: 2,6-二甲基吡啶(10g,93mmol)、4,4'-双(1,1'-叔丁基)-2'-联吡啶(1.56g,5.80mmol)、4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'-八甲基-2,2'-双-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷(25.4g,100mmol)和(1,5-环辛二烯)(甲氧基)铱(I)二聚体(1.96g,3.00mmol)溶解在四氢呋喃(500ml)中,在氮气存在下于65℃搅拌16小时。减压浓缩反应溶液,用硅胶柱色谱(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=100:1)纯化,得到标题化合物(15.0g,66%)。
- 条件: With (1,5-cyclooctadiene)(methoxy)iridium(I) dimer; 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine In tetrahydrofuran at 65℃; for 16 h; Inert atmosphere
- 收率: 66%
- 参考文献: [1] Organic Letters, 2009, vol. 11, #16, p. 3586 - 3589 [2] Research on Chemical Intermediates, 2013, vol. 39, #4, p. 1917 - 1926 [3] Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2014, vol. 136, #11, p. 4133 - 4136 [4] Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, 2014, vol. 12, #37, p. 7318 - 7327 [5] Chemistry - A European Journal, 2017, vol. 23, #24, p. 5663 - 5667 [6] Patent: US2015/51395, 2015, A1. Location in patent: Paragraph 0275-0276 [7] Patent: US2018/51042, 2018, A1. Location in patent: Paragraph 0053 [8] Organometallics, 2017, vol. 36, #1, p. 142 - 150 [9] Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2007, vol. 129, #50, p. 15434 - 15435 [10] Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2010, vol. 132, #33, p. 11389 - 11391 [11] Organic Letters, 2010, vol. 12, #24, p. 5700 - 5703 [12] Organic Letters, 2013, vol. 15, #1, p. 140 - 143 [13] Organometallics, 2015, vol. 34, #7, p. 1307 - 1320 [14] Patent: WO2015/89119, 2015, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 34 [15] Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2016, vol. 138, #33, p. 10645 - 10653