4-(4-硝基苄基)吗啉主要作为医药中间体，用于多种药物的合成研究，在相关专利和学术文献中被广泛提及。
医药
路线1：
- 步骤: 向反应烧瓶中加入对硝基苄基溴（72.084g）和二氯甲烷（470mL，经分子筛干燥），搅拌至完全溶解；加入无水碳酸钾（91.909g）；冰浴冷却20分钟后，缓慢滴加吗啉（约30分钟完成）；滴加完毕后移除冰浴，室温搅拌过夜；反应完成后加入水（150mL）淬灭，用5%柠檬酸水溶液调节pH至4-5；静置分层，有机相用水（260mL×1）洗涤，无水MgSO₄干燥半小时，过滤，浓缩滤液并减压干燥得目标化合物。
- 条件: 氩气保护；冰浴冷却（20分钟）；室温搅拌过夜；
- 收率: 97.16%（71.9g）
- 参考文献: [1] Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2013, vol. 56, #7, p.2975-2990；[2] Indian Journal of Chemistry - Section B Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, 2010, vol.49, #6, p.771-775；[4] Patent: US2015/166595, 2015, A1. Location in patent: Paragraph 0219；[3] Patent: EP2824108, 2015, A1. Location in patent: Paragraph 0101；[5] Patent: CN106432235, 2017, A. Location in patent: Paragraph 0089; 0090；[6] Organic Process Research and Development, 2006, vol.10, #3, p.493-499；[7] European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2007, #8, p.1369-1377；[8] European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2014, vol.86, p.257-269；[9] Medicinal Chemistry, 2016, vol.12, #5, p.489-498；[10] Patent: WO2004/46120, 2004, A2. Location in patent: Page 172；[11] Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2008, vol.51, #12, p.3507-3525；[12] Indian Journal of Chemistry, Section B: Organic Chemistry Including Medicinal Chemistry, 1986, vol.25, p.877-879；[13] Patent: US2002/55636, 2002, A1；[14] Patent: US6166006, 2000, A；[15] Patent: US5556969, 1996, A；[16] Patent: US5807885, 1998, A；[17] Patent: US6248739, 2001, B1；[18] Patent: US2003/225106, 2003, A1. Location in patent: Page 49; 112；[19] Patent: WO2007/18941, 2007, A2. Location in patent: Page/Page column 82-83；[20] Patent: WO2013/91011, 2013, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 63；[21] Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, 2013, vol.21, #19, p.5936-5944；[22] Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 2014, vol.62, #3, p.238-246；[23] Patent: EP2955185, 2015, A1. Location in patent: Paragraph 0080；[24] European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2017, vol.130, p.86-106；[25] Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, 2017, vol.15, #16, p.3455-3465；[26] Patent: US2017/44132, 2017, A1. Location in patent: Paragraph 0615; 0616；[27] Patent: TW2017/14883, 2017, A. Location in patent: Paragraph 0157；[28] Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2018, vol.61, #4, p.1499-1518；[29] European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2018, vol.155, p.303-315
路线2：
- 步骤: 将KOH（2.4mmol）、H₂O（1.0mL）、（假）卤化物1（0.8mmol）和甲酰胺2（1.6mmol）依次加入反应管中，在50℃搅拌反应3小时；反应完成后用乙酸乙酯萃取，无水Na₂SO₄干燥，过滤，减压浓缩，快速色谱法纯化得产物。
- 条件: 水为溶剂；50℃；3小时；绿色化学
- 收率: 98%
- 参考文献: [1] Tetrahedron, 2014, vol.70, #4, p.880-885；[2] Journal of Chemical Research, 2013, vol.37, #10, p.611-614
路线3：
- 步骤: 将20.0g吗啉在600ml氯仿中的溶液与40.0g对硝基苄基氯和24.0g碳酸钠在65℃处理18小时；后处理及柱色谱纯化（洗脱液：己烷-乙酸乙酯（8-10））得40.4g化合物16。
- 条件: 氯仿为溶剂；65℃；18小时
- 收率: 40.4g
- 参考文献: [1] Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2000, vol.43, #10, p.2049-2063；[2] European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 1984, vol.19, #2, p.131-135；[3] European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2016, vol.121, p.352-363；[4] Patent: KR101654452, 2016, B1. Location in patent: Paragraph 0818; 0820; 0821-0822；[5] European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2018, vol.148, p.498-506
