7440-41-7 铍
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安全说明
危险品运输编号:UN 1567 6.1/PG 2 WGK Germany:1 RTECS号:DS1750000 自燃温度:1198 °F TSCA:TSCA listed 海关编码:3822 00 00 危险等级:8 包装类别:III 存储类别:6.1D - 不可燃性,急性毒性 类别3 毒性化合物或者引起慢性影响的化合物 危险性类别:急性毒性 类别3经口 致癌性 类别1B 眼部刺激 类别2 经皮刺激 类别2 皮肤致敏物 类别1 特异性靶器官毒性-反复接触类别1 毒害物质数据:7440-41-7(Hazardous Substances Data) 毒性:Elemental Be and its compounds are very poisonous by inhalation or intravenous route. Chronic inhalation of beryllium dusts or fumes can cause a serious lung disease, berylliosis, after a latent period ranging from several months to many years. Inhalation of airborne dusts can also cause an acute disease manifested as dyspnea, pneumonitis and tracheobronchitis with a short latency period of a few days. Skin contact with soluble salts of the metal can cause dermatitis. Beryllium also is a carcinogen. There is sufficient evidence of its inducing cancer in animals and humans. It is one of the US EPA's listed priority pollutant metals in the environment. 立即威胁生命和健康浓度:4 mg Be/m3
用途与制备
航空航天; 军工; 电子; 核能; 仪表; 计算机; 汽车; 家电
铍在自然界中含量为6ppm。最常见的铍矿有绿柱石、铍硅石、光榴石。电解熔融的氯化铍制取铍。铍可由氟化铍与碱金属或碱土金属的氟化物制成M2BeF4或MBeF4类型的熔融盐,然后进行电解而得到。纯度可达99.7%。也可由氯化铍与碱金属的氯化物制成熔融盐,再电解而制得铍,其纯度可达99.8%以上。 精制方法如果需要更高纯度的产品,可以用真空蒸馏法提纯。将电解得到的产品置于真空蒸馏装置中。开始蒸馏时需注意,容器先不要密封,因为粗品中夹带有电解质、碱土金属和气体,加热时会崩溅,等气体排出,熔融的金属平稳下来之后,再密闭容器,抽真空,至到达高真空时,加热1400~1500℃进行蒸馏,约20min后,待粗品剩余约1/4时停止加热,产品的纯度可达99.97%。