- 化学性质
该品很不稳定,不宜长时间贮存。存放时应保持低温,密闭时可能发生爆炸。
- 有机中间体。
医药; 农药
合成路线 1(1. 合成:765-50-4)
产率:69%
合成条件:With thionyl chloride In toluene
实验步骤:实施例3 2-氯甲基 - 噻吩的制备将亚硫酰氯(67.35ml; 0.93摩尔)滴加到冷却的2-羟甲基 - 噻吩(60.35g; 0.35mol)的甲苯(400ml)溶液中,保持在0℃。 在添加结束时,将反应混合物在室温下搅拌48小时。 然后将溶剂真空蒸发并将所得油状物在44°-45℃(4mmHg,533Pa)下蒸馏,得到2-氯甲基 - 噻吩(48.9g; 69%收率),为油状物。 1 H-NMR(200MHz,CDCl 3):δ(ppm):4.80(s,2H); 6.95(日,1H); 7.06(d,1H); 7.30(d,1H)。
参考文献:
- [1] European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2001, vol. 36, # 11-12, p. 873 - 886 [2] European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2002, vol. 16, # 1-2, p. 15 - 28 [3] European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2014, vol. 2014, # 11, p. 2365 - 2370 [4] Tetrahedron, 1998, vol. 54, # 25, p. 6999 - 7012 [5] Synthetic Communications, 2005, vol. 35, # 15, p. 2079 - 2083 [6] Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, 2015, vol. 13, # 26, p. 7140 - 7145 [7] Macromolecules, 2011, vol. 44, # 12, p. 4711 - 4720 [8] Patent: US5552409, 1996, A [9] Heterocycles, 1997, vol. 44, # 1, p. 509 - 518 [10] Patent: US5716943, 1998, A [11] Patent: EP832085, 2002, B1 [12] Patent: WO2015/143164, 2015, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 119-120 [13] Patent: US2005/23507, 2005, A1 [14] Patent: WO2004/65384, 2004, A1. Location in patent: Page 33; 14/19 [15] Chemical Communications, 2017, vol. 53, # 54, p. 7545 - 7548 [16] Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 1998, vol. 41, # 18, p. 3515 - 3529 [17] Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 1958, vol. 6, p. 467,470 [18] Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, 1989, vol. 26, # 3, p. 677 - 686 [19] Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2004, vol. 47, # 13, p. 3388 - 3398 [20] Tetrahedron Asymmetry, 2004, vol. 15, # 18, p. 2965 - 2973 [21] Chemistry - A European Journal, 2006, vol. 12, # 10, p. 2739 - 2744 [22] Patent: US5686471, 1997, A [23] Patent: WO2004/74218, 2004, A2. Location in patent: Page 87-88 [24] Patent: WO2011/61214, 2011, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 52-53 [25] Patent: EP1186604, 2002, A1. Location in patent: Page 100 [26] Organometallics, 2012, vol. 31, # 15, p. 5599 - 5605 [27] Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2013, vol. 23, # 18, p. 5077 - 5081 [28] Chemistry - A European Journal, 2013, vol. 19, # 37, p. 12504 - 12511 [29] Tetrahedron, 2014, vol. 70, # 9, p. 1748 - 1762 [30] Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, 2014, vol. 12, # 30, p. 5594 - 5596 [31] Chemical Communications, 2014, vol. 50, # 75, p. 11060 - 11062 [32] Chemical Communications, 2015, vol. 51, # 18, p. 3842 - 3845 [33] Patent: CN106565665, 2017, A. Location in patent: Paragraph 0014; 0019; 0024; 0028; 0032; 0036 [34] Patent: CN107188865, 2017, A. Location in patent: Paragraph 0083; 0084; 0085 [35] Patent: CN107188813, 2017, A. Location in patent: Paragraph 0094-0096 [36] Patent: CN107200734, 2017, A. Location in patent: Paragraph 0172-0175 [37] Organic Letters, 2018, vol. 20, # 8, p. 2468 - 2471 [38] Patent: CN107964011, 2018, A. Location in patent: Paragraph 0050; 0056; 0057 [39] Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 2018, vol. 358, p. 157 - 166
合成路线 2(2. 合成:765-50-4)
产率:30%
合成条件:With hydrogenchloride In water at 0 - 20℃; for 4.17 h;
实验步骤:2-(氯甲基)噻吩浓。 将HCl溶液(25ml)加入到噻吩(50g)中并将混合物冷却至0°-5℃。现在在0°下经4小时滴加甲醛水溶液(54.8ml,40%) - 在恒定流量的HCl气体下15℃。 将反应混合物在室温下搅拌10分钟,然后加入乙酸乙酯(500ml)。 用饱和NaHCO 3溶液(3×250ml)和水(1×250ml)萃取有机相,用Na 2 SO 4干燥。 在100°-110℃(油浴温度)下真空蒸馏,得到(60℃头温)所需产物(8mm Hg)。 产量:24g(30%),无色油。
参考文献:
- [1] Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2006, vol. 128, # 14, p. 4911 - 4916 [2] Russian Chemical Bulletin, 2000, vol. 49, # 9, p. 1544 - 1547 [3] Patent: US2009/156593, 2009, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 10 [4] Arkiv foer Kemi, 1948, vol. 26A, # 26, p. 4 [5] Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii, 1957, vol. 27, p. 1399,1402; engl. Ausg. S. 1481, 1483 [6] Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1946, vol. 68, p. 1934 [7] Org. Synth. Coll. Vol. III, <1955> 197, [8] Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2018, vol. 6, # 23, p. 10990 - 11004
合成路线 3(3. 合成:765-50-4)
产率:60%
合成条件:Stage #1: With hydrogenchloride In water at 60℃; Stage #2: at 25 - 30℃; for 0.33 h;
实验步骤:实施例1将2,5-双(甲基丙烯酰氧基乙基硫代甲基)噻吩将干盐酸流剧烈鼓泡通过37%甲醛(182g; 2.24摩尔)和浓HCl(147ml)的水溶液,使温度升至60℃并保持密度至1.18克/立方厘米。将混合物冷却至30℃,然后在搅拌和冷却下缓慢加入噻吩(150g; 1.79摩尔)以保持温度在25℃至30℃之间。加完噻吩后,将混合物再搅拌20分钟,分离下层油层,用冷水洗涤并在Vigreux柱上蒸馏。第一部分(46.4g)在30℃和1.2mbar下蒸馏,为透明无色液体,通过GC和1H NMR鉴定为纯2-氯甲基噻吩; 1H NMR(CDCl3,δppm)7.33(d,1H),7.10(d,1H),6.98(dd,1H),4.83(s,2H)。第二部分(120.4g;产率60%)在80℃和1.2毫巴下蒸馏,为澄清的无色液体,静置后固化,熔点36-37℃,并通过GC和1H NMR鉴定为所需的2,5-双(氯甲基)噻吩;将1H NMR(CDCl 3,δppm)6.93(s,2H),4.76(s,4H).2,5-双(氯甲基)噻吩(100g; 0.55摩尔)滴加到45%巯基乙醇钠的水溶液中(在氮气氛下,将260g; 1.16摩尔)置于装有大修搅拌,加料漏斗和热电偶的圆底烧瓶中。在添加期间,温度升至50℃。将反应混合物在50℃下再搅拌5小时,用乙醚萃取,用5%NaOH水溶液和冷水洗涤,用Na 2 SO 4干燥。除去溶剂,得到2,5-双(羟乙基硫代甲基)噻吩,为稠液体(136.5g;收率94%; nD25 1.6150)。 1H NMR(CDCl3,δppm)6.73(s,2H),3.87(s,4H),3.66(t,4H),2.68(t,4H),2.10(s,2H)。甲基丙烯酰氯(62g,97%)在0-5℃下,将纯度; 0.58摩尔)滴加到2,5-双(羟乙基硫甲基)噻吩(60.7g; 0.23摩尔)和三乙胺(64.3g; 0.64摩尔)在CH 2 Cl 2(500ml)中的溶液中。此后,将混合物在室温下再搅拌3小时。加入水(100ml)终止反应。将有机相用CH 2 Cl 2萃取,用5%NaOH水溶液洗涤,经MgSO 4干燥并在真空下汽提除去溶剂,得到2,5-双(甲基丙烯酰氧基乙基硫代甲基)噻吩,为浅黄色透明液体(76g;收率83%; nD251)。 0.5584)。 1H NMR(CDCl3,δppm)6.76(s,2H),6.12(d,2H),5.59(t,2H),4.28(t,4H),3.91(s,4H),2.77(t,4H), 1.95(s,6H)。
参考文献:
- [1] Patent: WO2008/101806, 2008, A2. Location in patent: Page/Page column 31-33