化学合成
化学合成
路线1:以5-三氟甲基尿嘧啶为原料合成2,4-二氯-5-三氟甲基嘧啶
- 步骤:将5-三氟甲基尿嘧啶(250g,1.39mol)和三氯氧化磷(655mL,6.94mol,5当量)加入装有顶置式搅拌器、回流冷凝器、加料漏斗和内部热电偶的3L四颈烧瓶中,氮气氛下一次性加入浓磷酸(85wt%,9.5mL,0.1当量),15分钟内滴加二异丙基乙胺(245mL,1.39mol,1当量),加热至100℃保持20小时;冷却至40℃后滴加到冷却的3N HCl(5L)和乙醚(2L)混合物中,分离有机层并洗涤、干燥、浓缩得产物。
- 条件:85-100℃反应20小时;氮气氛;骤冷温度保持在10℃至15℃之间。
- 收率:95%(纯度96%);可通过蒸馏进一步纯化(沸点109℃,79mmHg)。
- 参考文献:
[1] Patent: US2005/256145, 2005, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 43
[2] Patent: US2005/256125, 2005, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 29
[3] Patent: US2005/256144, 2005, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 20
[4] Patent: US2014/135497, 2014, A1. Location in patent: Paragraph 0060; 0061; 0062; 0063; 0064
[5] Patent: WO2014/76085, 2014, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 9-10
[6] Patent: US2007/32514, 2007, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 10
[7] Patent: CN105461695, 2016, A. Location in patent: Paragraph 0136; 0137
[8] Patent: WO2004/48343, 2004, A1. Location in patent: Page 74
[9] Patent: WO2008/77885, 2008, A2. Location in patent: Page/Page column 13
[10] Patent: WO2009/63240, 2009, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 43-44
[11] Patent: US2009/163467, 2009, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 8
[12] Patent: WO2009/71535, 2009, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 22-23
[13] Patent: WO2010/55117, 2010, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 29
[14] Patent: WO2010/106097, 2010, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 29-30
[15] Patent: WO2010/136559, 2010, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 34
[16] Patent: US2011/33441, 2011, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 8
[17] Journal of Fluorine Chemistry, 2015, vol. 179, p. 150 - 158
路线2:实施例1 2,4-二氯-5-三氟甲基嘧啶的制备
- 步骤:将5-三氟甲基尿嘧啶(250g,1.39mol)和三氯氧化磷(655mL,6.94mol,5当量)加入装有顶置式搅拌器、回流冷凝器、加料漏斗和内部热电偶的3L四颈烧瓶中,氮气氛下一次性加入浓磷酸(85wt%,9.5mL,0.1当量),15分钟内滴加二异丙基乙胺(245mL,1.39mol,1当量),加热至100℃保持20小时;冷却至40℃后滴加到冷却的3N HCl(5L)和乙醚(2L)混合物中,分离有机层并洗涤、干燥、浓缩得产物。
- 条件:85-100℃反应20小时;氮气氛;骤冷温度保持在10℃至15℃之间。
- 收率:95%(纯度96%);可通过蒸馏进一步纯化(沸点109℃,79mmHg)。
- 参考文献:
[1] Patent: WO2005/23780, 2005, A1. Location in patent: Page/Page column 9